A Sampling of Court Decisions that Support the Militia Interpretation of the Second Amendment

U.S. Supreme Court

Lewis v. United States, 445 U.S. 55 (1980)
U.S. v. Miller, 307 U.S. 174 (1939)

U.S. Courts Of Appeals

U.S. v. Parker, 362 F.3d 1279 (10th Cir. 2004)
U.S. v. Lippman, 369 F.3d 1039 (8th Cir. 2004)
U.S. v. Price, 328 F.3d 958 (7th Cir. 2003)
U.S. v. Graham, 305 F.3d 1094 (10th Cir. 2002)
U.S. v. Lucero, 43 Fed.Appx. 299 (10th Cir. 2002)
U.S. v. Bayles, 310 F.3d 1302 (10th Cir. 2002)
Silveira v. Lockyer, 312 F.3d 1052, rehearing en banc denied, 328 F.3d 567 (9th Cir. 2003)
Olympic Arms v. Buckles, 301 F.3d 384 (6th Cir. 2002)
U.S. v. Twenty-Two Various Firearms, 38 Fed.Appx. 229 (6th Cir. 2002)
U.S. v. Hancock, 231 F.3d 557 (9th Cir. 2000), cert. denied, 121 S. Ct. 1641 (2001)
U.S. v. Finitz, 234 F.3d 1278 (9th Cir. 2000), cert. denied, 121 S. Ct. 833 (2001)
U.S. v. Lewis, 236 F.3d 948 (8th Cir. 2001)
U.S. v. Hemmings, 258 F. 3d 587 (7th Cir. 2001)
U.S. v. Hager, 22 Fed.Appx. 130 (4th Cir. 2001)
Gillespie v. City of Indianapolis, 185 F.3d 693 (7th Cir. 1999), cert. denied, 528 U.S. 1116 (2000)
U.S. v. Napier, 233 F.3d 394 (6th Cir. 2000)
U.S. v. Baer, 235 F.3d 561 (10th Cir. 2000)
U.S. v. Wright, 117 F.3d 1265 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 522 U.S. 1007 (1997)
U.S. v. Rybar, 103 F.3d 273 (3rd Cir. 1996), cert. denied, 522 U.S. 807 (1997)
Hickman v. Block, 81 F.3d 98 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 519 U.S. 912 (1996)
U.S v. Farrell, 69 F.3d 891 (8th Cir. 1995)
Love v. Pepersack, 47 F.3d 120 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 516 U.S. 813 (1995)
U.S. v. Friel, 1 F.3d 1231 (1st Cir. 1993)
U.S. v. Hale, 978 F.2d 1016 (8th Cir. 1992), cert. denied, 507 U.S. 997 (1993)
U.S. v. Nelsen, 859 F.2d 1318 (8th Cir. 1988)
U.S. v. Toner, 728 F.2d 115 (2d Cir. 1984)
Thomas v. City Council of Portland, 730 F.2d 41 (1st Cir. 1984)
Quilici v. Village of Morton Grove, 695 F.2d 261 (7th Cir. 1982), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 863 (1983)
U.S. v. Oakes, 564 F.2d 384 (10th Cir. 1977), cert. denied, 435 U.S. 926 (1978)
U.S. v. Graves, 554 F.2d 65 (3rd Cir. 1977)
U.S. v. Swinton, 521 F.2d 1255 (10th Cir. 1975), cert. denied, 424 U.S. 918 (1976)
U.S. v. Warin, 530 F.2d 103 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 426 U.S. 948 (1976)
U.S. v. Johnson, 497 F.2d 548 (4th Cir. 1974)
Eckert v. City of Philadelphia, 477 F.2d 610 (3rd Cir.), cert. denied, 414 U.S. 839 (1973)
U.S. v. Day, 476 F.2d 562 (6th Cir. 1973)
Cody v. U.S., 460 F.2d 34 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 409 U.S. 1010 (1972)
U.S. v. Decker, 446 F.2d 164 (8th Cir. 1971)
U.S. v. Synnes, 438 F.2d 764 (8th Cir. 1971), vacated on other grounds, 404 U.S. 1009 (1972)
U.S. v. McCutcheon, 446 F.2d 133 (7th Cir. 1971)
Stevens v. U.S., 440 F.2d 144 (6th Cir. 1971)
U.S. v. Tot, 131 F.2d 261 (3rd Cir. 1942), rev'd on other grounds, 319 U.S. 463 (1943)
U.S. v. Cases, 131 F.2d 916 (1st Cir. 1942), cert. denied sub nom., Velazquez v. U.S., 319 U.S. 770 (1943)

U.S. Federal District Courts

Blackburn v. Jansen, 241 F. Supp. 2d 1047 (D. Neb. 2003)
Golt v. City of Signal Hill, 132 F. Supp. 2d 1271 (C.D. Cal. 2001)
Olympic Arms v. Magaw, 91 F. Supp. 2d 1061 (E.D. Mich. 2000)
U.S. v. Willbern, 2000 WL 554134 (D. Kan. Apr. 12, 2000)
U.S. v. Bournes, 105 F. Supp. 2d 736 (E.D. Mich. 2000)
U.S. v. Boyd, 52 F. Supp. 2d 1233 (D. Kan. 1999), aff'd, 211 F.3d 1279 (10th Cir. 2000)
U.S. v. Henson, 55 F. Supp. 2d 528 (S.D. W. Va. 1999)
U.S. v. Visnich, 65 F. Supp. 2d 669 (N.D. Ohio 1999)
U.S. v. Caron, 941 F. Supp. 238 (D. Mass. 1996)
Moscowitz v. Brown, 850 F.Supp. 1185 (S.D.N.Y. 1994)
U.S. v. Kruckel, 1993 WL 765648 (D.N.J. Aug. 13, 1993)
Krisko v. Oswald, 655 F. Supp. 147 (E.D. Pa. 1987)
U.S. v. Kozerski, 518 F.Supp. 1082 (D.N.H. 1981), cert. denied, 496 U.S. 842 (1984)
Vietmanese Fishermen's Association v. KKK, 543 F.Supp. 198 (S.D. Tex. 1982)
Thompson v. Dereta, 549 F.Supp. 297 (D. Utah 1982)
U.S. v. Kraase, 340 F.Supp. 147 (E.D. Wis. 1972)
U.S. v. Gross, 313 F.Supp. 1330. (S.D. Ind. 1970), aff'd on other grounds, 451 F.2d 1355 (7th Cir. 1971)

State Courts

Arnold v. Cleveland, 616 N.E.2d 163 (Ohio 1993)
State v. Fennell, 382 S.E.2d 231 (N.C. 1989)
U.S. v. Sandidge, 520 A.2d 1057 (D.C.), cert. denied, 108 S.Ct. 193 (1987)
Kalodimos v. Village of Morton Grove, 470 N.E.2d 266 (Ill. 1984)
Masters v. State, 653 S.W.2d 944 (Tex.App. 1983)
City of East Cleveland v. Scales, 460 N.E.2d 1126 (Ohio App. 1983)
State v. Vlacil, 645 P.2d 677 (Utah 1982)
In Re Atkinson, 291 N.W.2d 396 (Minn. 1980)
State v. Rupp, 282 N.W.2d 125 (Iowa 1979)
Commonwealth v. Davis, 343 N.E.2d 847 (Mass. 1976)
Burton v. Sills, 248 A.2d 521 (N.J. 1968), appeal dismissed, 394 U.S. 812 (1969)
Harris v. State, 432 P.2d 929 (Nev. 1967)